SOS
 
 
 
 ,gOScON
NwmeRlQꁨRS .U	gPlQScCgvag>kTagN(  A u r o r a  ) 0A u r o r a b	gN,gOS NwRS~cS(  (u7b ) voN(  oN ) v@b	gHrCg0(u7bN	gCg	cgq,gOSvag>kTagNO(u,goN0(u7b[,goNvNUOO(uGWƉ:N[,goNvTa0
 
 
 
 A u r o r a bvQO^FUOYuoNvNUOT@b	gHrCg0(WNUO`QN,gOSGW
N^ʑ:N\,goNvhQbNUORvHrCgbvQNwƋNCgNA u r o r a lbNvQNe_l~(u7b0
 
 A u r o r a cN(u7b^cN'`S
Y6RT/ b( ǏNTQbNUOvQNe_) RSoN0dkYA u r o r a T(u7bcN^cN'`SAQ(u7bOck0f9e0ыbNvQNe_QY oN vMu\OTv^AQ(u7bSN:NA O A vNT
Y6RTS^( ǏNTQbNUOvQNe_) I{Ock0f9e0ыbvQNMu\OT0YgZPNOck0f9e0ыbNvQNe_QYoNvMu\OTv(u7bS^NO9e(u7b^S,gOSyNvdk{|O9e0
 
 
 
 (W,gOSyNegA u r o r a voNS/f A S   I S  cNv0A U R O R A yrdk
NXfNUO	gsQ,goNvf:yb؞:yOSbFO
NPN[(ϑ0 '`0(uNyr[vvb
NOCgvO0
 
 A u r o r a e [NV,gOSbVoNvNUO0
NQnxb:1Y@buvNUOO(u-Ne0penc"N1YbNUOcv0D&^v0`Z'`bN^\v_c1Yb_c[bNUO)Rm06eeQ0penc0FUbgwv_c1YbbTT0OCg( Sbu_bݏSl[INR) bvQN#NsSOA u r o r a ]JTw	gSSudk{|_c1Yb_c[0
 
 dkY(WNUO`QNA u r o r a 
NbbT(u7bb2T/ bRS,goNnNxv#N0(WNUO`QNA u r o r a O9e0fck0ыbNvQNe_QY oN Mu\OTv
NSGW
N^ʑ:NA u r o r a b2T/ bS^ oN nNxv؞:yOSbb0
 
 ,goNS+TG N U (ulQqQS,{2 Hrag>kTagNNcCgvz^0=\{	g
Nĉ[G N U (ulQqQS,{2 Hrvag>kTagNN(uNdk{|z^0ُNz^X[P(WNbvvU_SvQP[vU_-N0
 
 < c u p s w r a p p e r > 
 
 G N U   (ulQqQS
 
 ,{NHr1 9 9 1 t^6 g0
 
 C o p y r i g h t   ( C )   1 9 8 9 ,   1 9 9 1   F r e e   S o f t w a r e   F o u n d a t i o n ,   I n c . 
 
 Vl(^X]lX[pQKQgW5 1 S5 |i0 2 1 1 0 - 1 3 0 1 
 
 NUONSN
Y6RTRS,gSeNvW[oR,gFO
NAQf9e[0
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 'YYpeoNvS/f:NNP6R`qQNTf9eoNv1uv0vSG N U (ulQqQSe(WO`qQNTf9e1uoNv1u  nxOoN[@b	g(u7b/fMQ9v0,g(ulQqQS(uN1uoNWёOv'YYpeoNNSvQ\ObO(uoNvNUOvQNz^0( vQN NN1uoNWёOvoNR1uG N U   (ulQqQSv0) `_NSNb[^(u0R`vz^-N0
 
 S_bN0RoNMQ9ebNcv/f1u
N/fN<h0bNv(ulQqQSe(WnxO`SN1uS^MQ9oNvoR,g( Yg`O?aav݋؏SN:Nُy
gR6e9) `SN_0RnNxbYg``[1\SN_0R`SN9eSoNb(WevMQ9z^-NO(u[v NRv^N`wS`SNZPُNN`0
 
 :NNOb`OvCg)RbN ZPQP6RybkNUON&T`OvُNCg)RbBl`O>e_ُNCg)R0Yg`RMoNvoR,gbO9eoNُNP6R\lS:N`vgN#N0
 
 
 
 OYYg`RMُ7h N*Nz^voR,ge/fMQ9v؏/f6e9v`_{\`@bb	gv@b	gCg)RcN6eNN0`_{nxONN_Nc6ebY_nNx0`_{TNNU\:yُNag>kNNwS]vCg)R0
 
 
 
 bNǏNN$N*NekegOb`vCg)R( 1 ) :N,goNcOHrCgv^( 2 ) T`cO,gcCgAQ`Tl0W
Y6R0RST/ bO9e,goN0
 
 
 
 Te:NNObk*N\OTbNbN`nxOk*NNf}vُ*NMQ9oNl	gbO0YgoNNNO9ev^ ObN^g[vcSwSNN@bb	gvv^
N/fSRvُ7hvQNN@b_eQvNUO
NOq_TSRvX0
 
 
 
  gTNUO1uz^
NeS0RoNN)RvZ0bN^gMQُ7hvqSisSMQ9z^vQR FU\USr_N)RSOvQb:N[E
NvN	gz^0:NN2bkُy`QvSubN]~fnxh:yNUON)R_{cCg~@b	gNMQ9O(ub9h,g
NcCg0
 
 
 
 NN/f
Y6R0RSTO9ev~ag>kTagN0
 
 
 
 
Y6R0RSTO9evag>kTagN
 
 
 
 0 .   ,gcCg(uNNUOz^bvQN\OTvQ-NS+THrCg@b	g>envwyvQS9hnc,g(ulQqQcCgag>kS^0Ne-Nv z^ |cNUOI{z^b\OT WNz^v\OT |c,gz^b9hncHrCglNuvNUOMu\OT_N1\/fS+Tz^bz^v NRv\OTSN/f NW[
N]v_NSN/f~ǏO9evb/fыbS Ny v0( NN O9e  N͋S+TFO
NPNыe) k*NSey:N ` 0
 
 d
Y6R0S^TO9eNYv;mR
N(W,gSVQ; [NQN[vV0ЏLz^vL:N
NSP6RS	gS_vQQ[gbWNz^v\OTe( NЏLz^@bNuv\OTesQ) z^vQMbmv0ُ/f&TcknxSQNz^vR0
 
 
 
 1 . `SN(W6e0Rz^nNxeNNUOZN
Y6RTS^[vW[oR,gFO_{(Wk*NoR,g
N>fWv^S_0WS^HrCgXfTMQ#XfOYu@b	gmS,gSvwNSl	gNUOOv`Qv^\,gSvoR,gޏT,gz^ NwN~z^vvQNcS0
 
 `OSN[loR,gv[EL:N6eS N[v9(u`O_NSN	bcObONbcS N[v9(u0
 
 
 
 2 .   `OSNO9ez^bz^vNUO^\N`Ov NNbYNoR,gvRNb_bWNz^v\OTv^9hnc
Ne,{1 agvag>k
Y6RTS^O9eb\OTFO`O_{TenNN@b	gagN: 
 
 a )   `O_{(WO9eTveN
NR
Nf>fff`OO9eNeNNSk!kO9eveg0
 
 b )   `_{O`S^bQHrvNUO\OTSbhQbRS+T,gz^bvQNUORv\OTbn,gz^bvQNUORv\OT(W,gcCgag>kNhQMQ9cCg~@b	g,{	Ne0
 
 c )   YgO9eTvz^ck8^}TNNNNe_ЏLe, S_ _YЏLI{NN_O(uN gnfve_egSbpSb>f:ylQJTSb N*NS_vHrCgXfTla, l	gOO( &TR, `OcO N*NOO) , (Wdk`QN(u7bSN͑eRMz^, v^JTɋ(u7bYUOgw,gSvoR,g0  ( OY: Ygz^,g/fNN_vFO8^
NOSbpSُ7hvXfHNWNz^v\OT1\
N SbpSXf0) 
 
 ُNBlteSO
N(uNO9eTv\OT0Yg\OTvSƋ+RRv^^nz^v^NSNTt0W:NvQ,g/frzvTrzv\OTHNS_`\vQ\O:Nrzv\OTS^e,gSSvQag>k
N(uNNR0FO/fS_`ORMvTvR\O:NteSOv NR, ُ/f N*NWN,gz^v\OT, te*NvR^_{&{T,gag>k, vQNSNvCgPibU\0Rte*NteSO, 
N/fQvk N*NR0
 
 Vdk,gvvv
N/fBlb(u`[[hQ1u`Qv\OTvCg)R; vSvQaV/fLOc6RWNz^vMubƖSO\OTvS^vCg)R0
 
 dkYN\
NWNz^vS N\OTNz^( bWNz^v\OT) (WX[PbS^N(v N*NSOϑ
NۏLZTv^
NO\S N\OTnN,gSvVKNQ0
 
 
 
 3 .   `OSN	cgq,{1 T,{2 agvĉ[NvhNxbSgbLb__
Y6RTS^z^( bWNz^v\OT9hnc,{2 ag) FO`O_{TeZPNNNUO NNN
 
 a )   D[tevv^:ghVSvnNxُNnNx_{	cgq
Nb,{1 T,{2 vĉ[(W8^(uNoNNbcvZN
NS^b
 
 b )   D&^ NNfNbbN	gHeg:N\	Nt^~NUO,{	Nev9(u
NǏNgbLnNxSSvb,g0 N*N[tev:ghVSvv^nNxvoR,g9hncN
NR1 T2 v8^(uNoNNbcvN(SS^b
 
 c )   ޏT`O6e0RvsQNRSv^nNxvcvOo` Nw0( dk	bN(uN^FUNS^NN(W`6e0RvhNxbSgbLeNb__vz^NSN
Nb >k NvbNeMb(u0) 
 
 \OTvnNx/fc[\OTۏLO9ev	b__0[N N*NSgbLv\OT[tevnNx/fc[S+Tv@b	g!jWWv@b	gnNxR
NNUOvsQvcS[INeNQR
N(uegc6RSgbL\OTvыT[ňv,g0FO/f\O:N N*NyrkvOYS^vnNx
N SbNUO8^NSgbLeNЏLvd\O|~v;N~N( ыhV0Q8hI{)  NwS^vNd^~N,gNSgbLeN NwS^0
 
 SgbLxbvvx/fǏcOSNvN N*Nc[v0WecOvoR,gb6qTScON
Y6RvI{vNT N0WpR^vnNxsSO,{	Ne
N/f
Y6Rn[aNx0
 
 
 
 4 .   d^,gcCgfnxĉ[&TR`
N_
Y6R0O9e0QcCgbS^,gz^0NUOՋVNvQNe_
Y6R0O9e0QcCgbRS,gz^vL:N/feHevv^N\ꁨR~bk`(W,gcCgNvCg)R0FO/fYg`/f]~6e0RoR,gbcCgv NeS[hQu[,gcCg`
NO6e0RNNvS~bk0
 
 
 
 5 .   `Ol	gBlcSُ*NSV:Nl	g~{r06q`eCgO9ebS^,gz^bvQMu\OT0Yg`
NcS,gSُNL:N\l_ybk0VdkǏO9ebS^z^( bWNz^vNUO\OT) 1\hf`cSN,gvcCgNS[sQN
Y6R0S^bO9ez^bWNz^v\OTv@b	gag>kTagN0
 
 
 
 6 .   kS_`͑eS^z^( bNUOWNz^v\OT) ec6eNꁨRNSYSN̑_9hncُNag>kTagN
Y6R0S^bO9ez^vS0`
N_[c6eN[dkYcNvCg)ReRNUOۏ NekvP6R0`
N#:_6R,{	Neu[,gcCg0
 
 
 
 7 .   Yg1uNlb$RQ0N)ROCg;N _bvQNNUOt1u( 
NPNN)R) :_RN`vagN( e/fǏl^}TN0OSbvQNe_) N,gcCgvagNvbNN
NO:N`OMQd,gSvagN0Yg`
NTee\L`(W,gcCgNvINRTNUOvQNvsQINRS^z^HN`S9h,g
NS^z^0OYYg N*NN)RS
NAQ@b	gvcbcǏ`_oR,gvNMQ90W͑eS^z^HN`YTen勸ST,gSv/U Nel1\/f[hQybkz^vS^0
 
 Yg,gagvNUOR(WNUOyr[`QN[eHeb
NSgbLR,gagvvQYOR\(u,gag\O:N N*NteSO\(uNvQN`Q0
 
 ,gvvvv^
N/f[`OrNUON)RbvQNNCg"}Tb[NUOdk{|"}Tv	gHe'`cQ(u,gv/U Nvv/fOb1uoNS^|~v[te'`ُ/f1ulQqQS[[ev0YN[Ǐ|~RSvTyT7hvoN\OQNwahav!.sNNOV|~v N^(u\O/ PcRSNQ[NbyY/f&T?aaǏNUOvQN|~S^oNSN
N:_Rُy	b0
 
 ,ge(W{_^on:N/f,gSvvQYORvTg0
 
 
 
 8 . YgR^T/ bz^vO(u1uNN)RbHrCgcS(WgNV[P6R, SYHrCgc	gN(W,gcCgNS^vz^SOmR N*N>f_v0WtR^P6RVdkُyRMSAQ(W*gcd(WYvV[QbV[KNۏL0(Wُy`QN,gcCgS+TNP6R1\PQ(W,gcCgvcke-N N7h0
 
 
 
 9 .   1uoNWёOSNeS^(ulQqQSvOHrT/ beHr,g0ُNeHr,g\(W|^y
NNS_MRHr,gv<OFOS(W~
N	g@b
NTN㉳QevbsQl0
 
 k N*NHr,g	g N*NHr,gSx0Ygz^c[N(uN[T NUONTHr,g v,gcCgHr,gS`SN	bu_Hr,gb1u1uoNWёOS^vNUONTHr,gvag>kTagN0Ygz^l	gc[,gcCgvHr,gS`SN	b1uoNWёOf~S^vNUOHr,g0
 
 
 
 1 0 .   Yg`^g\,gz^vRQ[Tv^0RvQNS^agN
NTv1uz^-NQO~\ON_S0[NS1uoNWёOHrCgObvoNQO~1uoNWёO; bN	geOOY0bNvQ[\u_$N*NvhsSOb1uoNv@b	gMuTv1ur`NSOۏqQNT͑(u N,voN0
 
 
 
 ebO
 
 1 1 .   1uNz^/fMQ9Sv(W(ul_AQvVQ[z^
NX[(WbO0d^S	gfNbXfHrCg@b	gT/ bvQNTe A S   I S  cOz^
NcONUOb__vf:ybf:yOSbFO
NPN[ '`T(uNyr[vvvf:yO0	gsQz^(ϑT'`vhQΘi1u`bb0Ygz^f	g:w`\bb@b	g_v~b0Otb~ckv9(u0
 
 
 
 1 2 .   (WNUO`QNd^(ul_BlbfNbTa&TRNUOHrCg@b	gNbNUOS	c
NSO9eT/ b͑eS^z^vvQNe[`v_c[SbNUO N,v0yr+Rv0aYbc_c1Y_wv
NO(ubelO(uz^( SbFO
NPNpenc"N1Ybpenc
NQnxb`b,{	NemS0R_c1Yb9ez^NvQNz^d\O1Y%) sSOI{c	gNbvQNe]JTwI{_c[vS'`0
 
 
 
 ag>kTagN~_g
 
 YUOOُNag>k(uN`Ovez^
 
 Yg`O _SN N*Nez^v^N`O^g[ g'YP^0W:NlQO@b(u[sُ Npv g}Yel1\/fO[b:Nk*NNSN(WُNag>kN͑eS^TO9ev1uoN0
 
 :Ndk\NRwDR0Rz^-N0[/f g[hQvDR0Rk*NneNv _YN g	gHe0W ObOvcdk*NeN\^	g HrCg LT N*NcT[tew@b(WMOnvhl0
 
  NL~Qz^v
TyT[@bZPv]\Ovi_0
 
 HrCg@b	g( C ) y y y \OY
T
 
 
 
 ُ*Nz^/f1uoN`SN9hnc1uoNWёOS^vG N U (ulQqQSag>k͑eS^T/ bO9e[Sv,{2 Hrb( 1u`	b) NUONTvHr,g0
 
 
 
 ُ*Nz^/fR^_v, ^gO	g(uFOl	gNUObOul	g[ '`bTyr[(uv+TO0~Oo`, SG N U (ulQqQS0
 
 
 
 `^]~6e0R NNG N U (ulQqQSvoR,gޏT,gz^Ygl	gQO~1uoNWёOVl(^X]lX[pQKQgW5 1 SN|i0 2 1 1 0 - 1 3 0 1 0
 
 
 
 ؏SNmRYUOǏ5uP[NT~(NN`T|vOo`0
 
 Ygz^/fNN_vS_[(WNN_!j_N _Ye[Q N*NPُ7hvww
 
 G n o m o v i s i o n Hr,g6 9 HrCg@b	g( C ) t^\O
TW[
 
 G n o m o v i s i o n ~[l	gOO`eQ s h o w   w  0ُ/f1uoN(W N[agNN"kΏ`͑eS^[eQ s h o w   c "   S`0
 
 GPv}TN'   s h o w   w ' T'   s h o w   c ' ^>f:y(ulQqQSvS_R0S_6q`O(uv}TNS
N/f'   s h o w   w ' T'   s h o w   c ' [NuSN/f hpQb܃USy  NUOT`vz^vQ[SN0
 
 Yg	g_`O؏^勩`Ovǖ;N( Yg`O/f N
Tz^XT) b`Ovf[!h( Yg	gv݋) ~{r NNz^v HrCgMQ#Xf 0ُ̑	g N*NOP[9eS
TW[sSS
 
 OVlQS, yrdkXf[J a m e s   H a c k e r Qvz^ G n o m o v i s i o n  ( (WыhV
NۏL O) v@b	gHrCgCgv0
 
 
 
 T y   C o o n ~{W[1 9 8 9 t^4 g1 e
 
 T y   C o o n oR;N-^
 
 ,g(ulQqQS
NAQ\`vz^Tv^0RN	gz^-N0Yg`vz^/f N*NP[z^^`SO:NAQ\N	g^(uz^c0R勓^Of	g(u0Yg``ZPdkcO(uG N U   L e s s e r   G e n e r a l   P u b l i c SegNf,gSsSS0
 
 